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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 229.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Cancer+Cell 2015 ; 27 (3): 342-53 Nephropedia Template TP
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Smoothened variants explain the majority of drug resistance in basal cell carcinoma #MMPMID25759020
Atwood SX; Sarin KY; Whitson RJ; Li JR; Kim G; Rezaee M; Ally MS; Kim J; Yao C; Chang ALS; Oro AE; Tang JY
Cancer Cell 2015[Mar]; 27 (3): 342-53 PMID25759020show ga
Advanced basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) frequently acquire resistance to Smoothened (SMO) inhibitors through unknown mechanisms. Here, we identify SMO mutations in 50% (22/44) of resistant BCCs and show that these mutations maintain Hedgehog signaling in the presence of SMO inhibitors. Alterations include four ligand binding pocket mutations defining sites of inhibitor binding and four variants confering constitutive activity and inhibitor resistance, illuminating pivotal residues that ensure receptor autoinhibition. In the presence of a SMO inhibitor, tumor cells containing either class of SMO mutants effectively outcompete cells containing the wild type SMO. Finally, we show that both classes of SMO variants respond to aPKC-?/? or GLI2 inhibitors that operate downstream of SMO, setting the stage for the clinical use of GLI antagonists.