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10.1016/j.nlm.2013.10.014 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.nlm.2013.10.014 C4351258!4351258 !24183839     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=24183839 &cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! 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Human fear extinction and return of fear using reconsolidation update mechanisms: the contribution of on-line expectancy ratings |pdf=|usr=}}{{24183839 }} gab.com Text Human fear extinction and return of fear using reconsolidation update mechanisms: the contribution of on-line expectancy ratings JO: Neurobiol Learn Mem http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=24183839 #FOAvip Disruption of the reconsolidation of conditioned fear memories has been suggested as a non-pharmacological means of preventing the return of learned fear in human populations. A reconsolidation update paradigm was developed in which a reconsolidation window is opened by a single isolated retrieval trial of a previously reinforced CS+ which is then followed by Extinction Training within that window. However, follow-up studies in humans using multi-methods fear conditioning indices (e.g., fear-potentiated startle, skin conductance, US-expectancy) have failed to replicate the retrieval+extinction effects. In the present study, we further investigated the retrieval+extinction reconsolidation update paradigm by directly comparing the acquisition, extinction, and return of fear-potentiated startle in the absence or presence of US-expectancy measures (using a trial-by-trial response keypad) with and without retrieval of a previously acquired CS-US association. Participants were fear conditioned to two visual cue CS+'s, one of which was presented as a single, isolated retrieval trial before Extinction Training and one that was extinguished as usual. The results show that the inclusion of US-expectancy measures strengthens the CS-US association to provide enhanced fear conditioning and maintenance of fear memories over the experimental sessions. In addition, in the groups that used on-line US-expectancy measures, the retrieval+extinction procedure reduced reinstatement of fear-potentiated startle to both previously reinforced CS+'s, as compared to the extinction as usual group. Twit Text FOAVip Human fear extinction and return of fear using reconsolidation update mechanisms: the contribution of on-line expectancy ratings ????Neurobiol Learn Mem http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=24183839 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=24183839 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|24183839 }}</ref> Human fear extinction and return of fear using reconsolidation update mechanisms: the contribution of on-line expectancy ratings #MMPMID24183839 Warren VT ; Anderson KM ; Kwon C ; Bosshardt L ; Jovanovic T ; Bradley B ; Norrholm SD Neurobiol Learn Mem 2014[Sep]; 113 (ä): 165-73 PMID24183839 show ga Disruption of the reconsolidation of conditioned fear memories has been suggested as a non-pharmacological means of preventing the return of learned fear in human populations. A reconsolidation update paradigm was developed in which a reconsolidation window is opened by a single isolated retrieval trial of a previously reinforced CS+ which is then followed by Extinction Training within that window. However, follow-up studies in humans using multi-methods fear conditioning indices (e.g., fear-potentiated startle, skin conductance, US-expectancy) have failed to replicate the retrieval+extinction effects. In the present study, we further investigated the retrieval+extinction reconsolidation update paradigm by directly comparing the acquisition, extinction, and return of fear-potentiated startle in the absence or presence of US-expectancy measures (using a trial-by-trial response keypad) with and without retrieval of a previously acquired CS-US association. Participants were fear conditioned to two visual cue CS+'s, one of which was presented as a single, isolated retrieval trial before Extinction Training and one that was extinguished as usual. The results show that the inclusion of US-expectancy measures strengthens the CS-US association to provide enhanced fear conditioning and maintenance of fear memories over the experimental sessions. In addition, in the groups that used on-line US-expectancy measures, the retrieval+extinction procedure reduced reinstatement of fear-potentiated startle to both previously reinforced CS+'s, as compared to the extinction as usual group. |Adult [MESH] |Anticipation, Psychological/*physiology [MESH] |Conditioning, Classical/*physiology [MESH] |Extinction, Psychological/*physiology [MESH] |Fear/*physiology [MESH] |Female [MESH] |Humans [MESH] |Male [MESH] |Mental Recall/physiology [MESH] |Reflex, Startle/physiology [MESH]Human fear extinction and return of fear using reconsolidation update (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing