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Functional Genomics of PCOS: From GWAS to Molecular Mechanisms #MMPMID25600292
McAllister JM; Legro RS; Modi BP; Strauss JF
Trends Endocrinol Metab 2015[Mar]; 26 (3): 118-24 PMID25600292show ga
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy characterized by increased ovarian androgen biosynthesis, anovulation, and infertility. PCOS has a strong heritable component based on familial clustering and twin studies. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified several PCOS candidate loci including, DENND1A, LHCGR, FSHR, ZNF217, YAP1, INSR, RAB5B, and C9orf3. Here, we review the functional roles of strong PCOS candidate loci focusing on FSHR, LHCGR, INSR and DENND1A. We propose that these candidates comprise a hierarchical signaling network by which DENND1A, LHCGR, INSR, RAB5B, adapter proteins, and associated downstream signaling cascades converge to regulate theca cell androgen biosynthesis. Future elucidation of the functional gene networks predicted by the PCOS GWAS will result in new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for women with PCOS.