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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Microbiol+Mol+Biol+Rev
2015 ; 79
(1
): 81-100
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Exploring the existence of lipid rafts in bacteria
#MMPMID25652542
Bramkamp M
; Lopez D
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev
2015[Mar]; 79
(1
): 81-100
PMID25652542
show ga
An interesting concept in the organization of cellular membranes is the proposed
existence of lipid rafts. Membranes of eukaryotic cells organize signal
transduction proteins into membrane rafts or lipid rafts that are enriched in
particular lipids such as cholesterol and are important for the correct
functionality of diverse cellular processes. The assembly of lipid rafts in
eukaryotes has been considered a fundamental step during the evolution of
cellular complexity, suggesting that bacteria and archaea were organisms too
simple to require such a sophisticated organization of their cellular membranes.
However, it was recently discovered that bacteria organize many signal
transduction, protein secretion, and transport processes in functional membrane
microdomains, which are equivalent to the lipid rafts of eukaryotic cells. This
review contains the most significant advances during the last 4 years in
understanding the structural and biological role of lipid rafts in bacteria.
Furthermore, this review shows a detailed description of a number of molecular
and genetic approaches related to the discovery of bacterial lipid rafts as well
as an overview of the group of tentative lipid-protein and protein-protein
interactions that give consistency to these sophisticated signaling platforms.
Additional data suggesting that lipid rafts are widely distributed in bacteria
are presented in this review. Therefore, we discuss the available techniques and
optimized protocols for the purification and analysis of raft-associated proteins
in various bacterial species to aid in the study of bacterial lipid rafts in
other laboratories that could be interested in this topic. Overall, the discovery
of lipid rafts in bacteria reveals a new level of sophistication in signal
transduction and membrane organization that was unexpected for bacteria and shows
that bacteria are more complex than previously appreciated.
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