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2015 ; 35
(6
): 956-76
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Regulation of the transcription factor EB-PGC1? axis by beclin-1 controls
mitochondrial quality and cardiomyocyte death under stress
#MMPMID25561470
Ma X
; Liu H
; Murphy JT
; Foyil SR
; Godar RJ
; Abuirqeba H
; Weinheimer CJ
; Barger PM
; Diwan A
Mol Cell Biol
2015[Mar]; 35
(6
): 956-76
PMID25561470
show ga
In cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation
and upregulation of the hypoxia-inducible protein BNIP3 result in mitochondrial
permeabilization, but impairment in autophagic removal of damaged mitochondria
provokes programmed cardiomyocyte death. BNIP3 expression and ROS generation
result in upregulation of beclin-1, a protein associated with transcriptional
suppression of autophagy-lysosome proteins and reduced activation of
transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of the autophagy-lysosome
machinery. Partial beclin-1 knockdown transcriptionally stimulates lysosome
biogenesis and autophagy via mTOR inhibition and activation of TFEB, enhancing
removal of depolarized mitochondria. TFEB activation concomitantly stimulates
mitochondrial biogenesis via PGC1? induction to restore normally polarized
mitochondria and attenuate BNIP3- and hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced cell death.
Conversely, overexpression of beclin-1 activates mTOR to inhibit TFEB, resulting
in declines in lysosome numbers and suppression of PGC1? transcription.
Importantly, knockdown of endogenous TFEB or PGC1? results in a complete or
partial loss, respectively, of the cytoprotective effects of partial beclin-1
knockdown, indicating a critical role for both mitochondrial autophagy and
biogenesis in ensuring cellular viability. These studies uncover a
transcriptional feedback loop for beclin-1-mediated regulation of TFEB activation
and implicate a central role for TFEB in coordinating mitochondrial autophagy
with biogenesis to restore normally polarized mitochondria and prevent
ischemia-reperfusion-induced cardiomyocyte death.