Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2015[Mar]; 44 (1): 59-68 PMID25667023show ga
Gastroparesis is a chronic symptomatic disorder of the stomach characterized by delayed emptying without evidence of mechanical obstruction. The three main causes of gastroparesis are diabetic, postsurgical, and idiopathic. Idiopathic gastroparesis refers to gastroparesis of unknown cause, that is, not from diabetes, not from prior gastric surgery, and not related to other endocrine, neurologic, rheumatologic causes of gastroparesis. The gastroparesis should not be related to medications that can delay gastric emptying, such as narcotic analgesic or anticholinergic medications. There is overlap in the symptoms of idiopathic gastroparesis and functional dyspepsia. A substantial minority of patients with functional dyspepsia can have delayed gastric emptying, blurring the distinction between idiopathic gastroparesis and functional dyspepsia. Patients with idiopathic gastroparesis often have a constellation of symptoms including nausea, vomiting, early satiety, postprandial fullness, and upper abdominal pain. Although the presentation of idiopathic gastroparesis is relatively similar to diabetic gastroparesis, abdominal pain occurs more often in idiopathic gastroparesis, whereas nausea and vomiting are more severe in diabetic gastroparesis. Treatment may employ agents used for diabetic gastroparesis and functional dyspepsia, including dietary management, prokinetics agents, antiemetic agents, and symptom modulators. Current treatment options do not adequately address clinical need for idiopathic gastroparesis.
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Gastroenterol+Clin+North+Am 2015 ; 44 (1): 59-68
