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2014 ; 453
(4
): 710-21
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Cdk1, PKC? and calcineurin-mediated Drp1 pathway contributes to mitochondrial
fission-induced cardiomyocyte death
#MMPMID25445585
Zaja I
; Bai X
; Liu Y
; Kikuchi C
; Dosenovic S
; Yan Y
; Canfield SG
; Bosnjak ZJ
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
2014[Oct]; 453
(4
): 710-21
PMID25445585
show ga
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is one of the leading causes of
death and disability worldwide. Mitochondrial fission has been shown to be
involved in cardiomyocyte death. However, molecular machinery involved in
mitochondrial fission during I/R injury has not yet been completely understood.
In this study we aimed to investigate molecular mechanisms of controlling
activation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1, a key protein in mitochondrial
fission) during anoxia-reoxygenation (A/R) injury of HL1 cardiomyocytes. A/R
injury induced cardiomyocyte death accompanied by the increases of mitochondrial
fission, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and activated Drp1 (pSer616
Drp1), and decrease of inactivated Drp1 (pSer637 Drp1) while mitochondrial fusion
protein levels were not significantly changed. Blocking Drp1 activity with
mitochondrial division inhibitor mdivi1 attenuated cell death, mitochondrial
fission, and Drp1 activation after A/R. Trolox, a ROS scavenger, decreased
pSer616 Drp1 level and mitochondrial fission after A/R. Immunoprecipitation assay
further indicates that cyclin dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) and protein kinase C
isoform delta (PKC?) bind Drp1, thus increasing mitochondrial fission. Inhibiting
Cdk1 and PKC? attenuated the increases in pSer616 Drp1, mitochondrial fission,
and cardiomyocyte death. FK506, a calcineurin inhibitor, blocked the decrease in
expression of inactivated pSer637 Drp1 and mitochondrial fission. Our findings
reveal the following novel molecular mechanisms controlling mitochondrial fission
during A/R injury of cardiomyocytes: (1) ROS are upstream initiators of
mitochondrial fission; and (2) the increased mitochondrial fission is resulted
from both increased activation and decreased inactivation of Drp1 through Cdk1,
PKC?, and calcineurin-mediated pathways, respectively.