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2014 ; 11 Suppl 5
(Suppl 5
): S287-91
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Linking acute infection to chronic lung disease The role of IL-33-expressing
epithelial progenitor cells
#MMPMID25525734
Holtzman MJ
; Byers DE
; Brett JA
; Patel AC
; Agapov E
; Jin X
; Wu K
Ann Am Thorac Soc
2014[Dec]; 11 Suppl 5
(Suppl 5
): S287-91
PMID25525734
show ga
Respiratory infection is a common feature of the major human airway diseases,
such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but the precise link
between acute infection and chronic lung disease is still undefined. In a mouse
model of this process, parainfluenza virus infection is followed by long-term
induction of IL-33 expression and release and in turn innate immune cell
generation of IL-13 and consequent airway disease signified by excess mucus
formation. IL-33 induction was traceable to a subset of secretoglobin-positive
airway epithelial cells linked to progenitor/stem cell function. In corresponding
studies of humans with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, an increase in
IL-33 production was also detected in concert with up-regulation of IL-13 and
airway mucus formation. In this case, increased IL-33 production was localized to
a subset of airway basal cells that maintain an endogenous capacity for increased
pluripotency and ATP-regulated release of IL-33 even ex vivo. The results provide
evidence of a sustainable epithelial cell population that may be activated by
environmental danger signals to release IL-33 and thereby lead to IL-13-dependent
disease. The progenitor nature of this IL-33-expressing ATP-responsive cell
population could explain an acquired susceptibility to chronic airway disease.
The findings may therefore provide a new paradigm to explain the role of viral
infection and the innate immune system in chronic lung disease based on the
influence of long-term epithelial progenitor cells programmed for excess IL-33
production. Further studies are needed to address the basis for this type of
postviral reprogramming and the means to correct it and thereby restore airway
mucosal immune function to normal.