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2015 ; 35
(1
): 153-66
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mTOR activation promotes plasma cell differentiation and bypasses XBP-1 for
immunoglobulin secretion
#MMPMID25332234
Benhamron S
; Pattanayak SP
; Berger M
; Tirosh B
Mol Cell Biol
2015[Jan]; 35
(1
): 153-66
PMID25332234
show ga
Plasma cells (PCs) are responsible for the secretion of antibodies. The
development of fully functional PCs relies on the activation of the
inositol-requiring enzyme 1/X-box binding protein 1 (IRE1/XBP-1) arm of the
unfolded protein response (UPR). XBP-1-deficient PCs secrete antibodies poorly
and exhibit distensions of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The kinase mammalian
target of rapamycin (mTOR) promotes anabolic activities and is negatively
regulated by the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Deletion of TSC1 renders mTOR
hyperactive. To explore the relationship between mTOR and the UPR in PC
development and function, mice with conditional deletions of XBP-1 and/or TSC1 in
their B cell lineage were generated. Deletion of TSC1 enhanced Ig synthesis and
promoted differentiation into PCs independently of XBP-1, as evidenced by
comparison of TSC1/XBP-1 double-knockout (DKO) PCs to XBP-1 knockout (KO) PCs.
The typical morphological abnormalities of the ER in XBP-1 KO PCs were alleviated
in the DKO PCs. Expression profiling identified the glycoprotein Ly6C as an mTOR
target. Ly6C expression contributed to the enhanced Ig secretion from DKO PCs.
Our data reveal a functional overlap between mTOR and the UPR in promoting PC
development. In addition to the classical mTOR role in promoting protein
synthesis, the mechanism entails transcription regulation of accessory molecules,
such as Ly6C.