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2014 ; 171
(24
): 5898-909
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Compound A, a selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist, inhibits
immunoinflammatory diabetes, induced by multiple low doses of streptozotocin in
mice
#MMPMID25158597
Saksida T
; Vujicic M
; Nikolic I
; Stojanovic I
; Haegeman G
; Stosic-Grujicic S
Br J Pharmacol
2014[Dec]; 171
(24
): 5898-909
PMID25158597
show ga
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Type 1 diabetes is a multifactorial inflammatory disease
that develops as a result of deregulated immune responses, causing progressive
autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of pancreas.
2-((4-acetoxyphenyl)-2-chloro-N-methyl) ethylammonium chloride, compound A
(CpdA), is a selective glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonist that displays strong
anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. We investigated the
therapeutic effectiveness of CpdA in a pharmacological model of type 1 diabetes
in mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: The utility of CpdA in diabetes prevention was
evaluated in vivo through its prophylactic administration to male C57BL/6 mice
that received multiple low doses of streptozotocin for immunoinflammatory
diabetes induction. The effect of CpdA on disease development was studied by
measuring blood glucose and insulin level, histopathological examination,
determination of the nature of infiltrating cells, pro- and anti-inflammatory
cytokine production, and signalling pathways. KEY RESULTS: Prophylactic in vivo
therapy with CpdA conferred protection against development of immunoinflammatory
diabetes in mice by dampening the M1/Th1/Th17 immune response and switching it
towards an anti-inflammatory M2/Th2/Treg profile, thus preserving beta cell
function. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Anti-diabetic properties of CpdA are
mediated through modulation of immune cell-mediated pathways, but without
triggering adverse events. These findings provide basic information for the
therapeutic use of selective GR agonists in the amelioration of islet-directed
autoimmunity.