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2014 ; 56
(6
): 723-37
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Innate antiviral host defense attenuates TGF-? function through IRF3-mediated
suppression of Smad signaling
#MMPMID25526531
Xu P
; Bailey-Bucktrout S
; Xi Y
; Xu D
; Du D
; Zhang Q
; Xiang W
; Liu J
; Melton A
; Sheppard D
; Chapman HA
; Bluestone JA
; Derynck R
Mol Cell
2014[Dec]; 56
(6
): 723-37
PMID25526531
show ga
TGF-? signaling is essential in many processes, including immune surveillance,
and its dysregulation controls various diseases, including cancer, fibrosis, and
inflammation. Studying the innate host defense, which functions in most cell
types, we found that RLR signaling represses TGF-? responses. This regulation is
mediated by activated IRF3, using a dual mechanism of IRF3-directed suppression.
Activated IRF3 interacts with Smad3, thus inhibiting TGF-?-induced Smad3
activation and, in the nucleus, disrupts functional Smad3 transcription complexes
by competing with coregulators. Consequently, IRF3 activation by innate antiviral
signaling represses TGF-?-induced growth inhibition, gene regulation and
epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and the generation of Treg effector
lymphocytes from naive CD4(+) lymphocytes. Conversely, silencing IRF3 expression
enhances epithelial-mesenchymal transition, TGF-?-induced Treg cell
differentiation upon virus infection, and Treg cell generation in vivo.
We present a mechanism of regulation of TGF-? signaling by the antiviral defense,
with evidence for its role in immune tolerance and cancer cell behavior.