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2014 ; 111
(50
): E5346-53
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Local plant names reveal that enslaved Africans recognized substantial parts of
the New World flora
#MMPMID25453066
van Andel TR
; van 't Klooster CI
; Quiroz D
; Towns AM
; Ruysschaert S
; van den Berg M
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2014[Dec]; 111
(50
): E5346-53
PMID25453066
show ga
How did the forced migration of nearly 11 million enslaved Africans to the
Americas influence their knowledge of plants? Vernacular plant names give insight
into the process of species recognition, acquisition of new knowledge, and
replacement of African species with American ones. This study traces the origin
of 2,350 Afro-Surinamese (Sranantongo and Maroon) plant names to those plant
names used by local Amerindians, Europeans, and related groups in West and
Central Africa. We compared vernacular names from herbarium collections,
literature, and recent ethnobotanical fieldwork in Suriname, Ghana, Benin, and
Gabon. A strong correspondence in sound, structure, and meaning among
Afro-Surinamese vernaculars and their equivalents in other languages for
botanically related taxa was considered as evidence for a shared origin. Although
65% of the Afro-Surinamese plant names contained European lexical items, enslaved
Africans have recognized a substantial part of the neotropical flora. Twenty
percent of the Sranantongo and 43% of the Maroon plant names strongly resemble
names currently used in diverse African languages for related taxa, represent
translations of African ones, or directly refer to an Old World origin. The
acquisition of new ethnobotanical knowledge is captured in vernaculars derived
from Amerindian languages and the invention of new names for neotropical plants
from African lexical terms. Plant names that combine African, Amerindian, and
European words reflect a creolization process that merged ethnobotanical skills
from diverse geographical and cultural sources into new Afro-American knowledge
systems. Our study confirms the role of Africans as significant agents of
environmental knowledge in the New World.
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