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2014 ; 111
(49
): 17552-7
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English Wikipedia
Museum specimens reveal loss of pollen host plants as key factor driving wild bee
decline in The Netherlands
#MMPMID25422416
Scheper J
; Reemer M
; van Kats R
; Ozinga WA
; van der Linden GT
; Schaminée JH
; Siepel H
; Kleijn D
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2014[Dec]; 111
(49
): 17552-7
PMID25422416
show ga
Evidence for declining populations of both wild and managed bees has raised
concern about a potential global pollination crisis. Strategies to mitigate bee
loss generally aim to enhance floral resources. However, we do not really know
whether loss of preferred floral resources is the key driver of bee decline
because accurate assessment of host plant preferences is difficult, particularly
for species that have become rare. Here we examine whether population trends of
wild bees in The Netherlands can be explained by trends in host plants, and how
this relates to other factors such as climate change. We determined host plant
preference of bee species using pollen loads on specimens in entomological
collections that were collected before the onset of their decline, and used atlas
data to quantify population trends of bee species and their host plants. We show
that decline of preferred host plant species was one of two main factors
associated with bee decline. Bee body size, the other main factor, was negatively
related to population trend, which, because larger bee species have larger pollen
requirements than smaller species, may also point toward food limitation as a key
factor driving wild bee loss. Diet breadth and other potential factors such as
length of flight period or climate change sensitivity were not important in
explaining twentieth century bee population trends. These results highlight the
species-specific nature of wild bee decline and indicate that mitigation
strategies will only be effective if they target the specific host plants of
declining species.