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2014 ; 97
(3
): 477-83
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Mallory-Denk Body (MDB) formation modulates Ufmylation expression epigenetically
in alcoholic hepatitis (AH) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)
#MMPMID25290169
Liu H
; Gong M
; French BA
; Li J
; Tillman B
; French SW
Exp Mol Pathol
2014[Dec]; 97
(3
): 477-83
PMID25290169
show ga
Promoter CpG island hypermethylation is an important mechanism for inactivating
key cellular enzymes that mediate epigenetic processes in hepatitis-related
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The ubiquitin-fold modifier 1 (Ufm1) conjugation
pathway (Ufmylation) plays an essential role in protein degradation, protein
quality control and signal transduction. Previous studies showed that the
Ufmylation pathway was downregulated in alcoholic hepatitis (AH), non-alcoholic
steatohepatitis (NASH) and in mice fed DDC, resulting in the formation of
Mallory-Denk Bodies (MDBs). In this study, we further discovered that betaine, a
methyl donor, fed together with DDC significantly prevents the increased
expression of Ufmylation in drug-primed mice fed DDC. Betaine significantly
prevented transcript silencing of Ufm1, Uba5 and UfSP1 where MDBs developed and
also prevented the increased expression of FAT10 and LMP7 caused by DDC re-fed
mice. Similar downregulation of Ufmylation was observed in multiple AH and NASH
biopsies which had formed MDBs. The DNA methylation levels of Ufm1, Ufc1 and
UfSP1 in the promoter CpG region were significantly increased both in AH and NASH
patients compared to normal subjects. DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 1
(DNMT1) and DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 3 beta (DNMT3B) mRNA levels were
markedly upregulated in AH and NASH patients, implying that the maintenance of
Ufmylation methylation might be mediated by DNMT1 and DNMT3B together. These data
show that MDB formation results from Ufmylation expression epigenetically in AH
and NASH patients. Promoter CpG methylation may be a major mechanism silencing
Ufmylation expression.