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2014 ; 8
(8
): 1532-47
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HER2 mediated de novo production of TGF? leads to SNAIL driven
epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis of breast cancer
#MMPMID24994678
Gupta P
; Srivastava SK
Mol Oncol
2014[Dec]; 8
(8
): 1532-47
PMID24994678
show ga
HER2 is an important determinant of poor prognosis in breast cancer patients.
Studies indicate that HER2 positive tumors are mostly resistant to therapy and
have high metastatic potential however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown.
In this study, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells with their HER2
overexpressing syngeneic variants were used to delineate the role of HER2 in EMT
and metastasis. Our results demonstrated that HER2 overexpression increased the
invasive potential of cells. Our results also showed that HER2 overexpression
lead to the production of TGF? resulting in the activation of TGF?/SMAD
signaling. Furthermore, activation of SNAIL, SLUG and ZEB-1, the transcriptional
repressors of E-cadherin and increased mesenchymal characteristics were observed
in high HER2 cells. Interestingly, EMT by HER2 was mediated through TGF?.
Intravenous injection of high HER2 MDA-MB-231 (HH) cells in athymic nude mice
showed early and substantial metastasis as compared to the parent cells
establishing the direct role of HER2 in metastasis. Our results showed that
inhibition of HER2 mediated EMT by cucurbitacin B a triterpenoid, resulted in the
suppression of brain metastasis of breast cancer cells. Taken together, our
results identify a novel mechanism of HER2 in promoting breast cancer metastasis
through de novo synthesis of TGF? leading to EMT, an initial and essential step
of metastasis.