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2014 ; 86
(22
): 11045-54
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Determination of multivalent protein-ligand binding kinetics by second-harmonic
correlation spectroscopy
#MMPMID25314127
Sly KL
; Conboy JC
Anal Chem
2014[Nov]; 86
(22
): 11045-54
PMID25314127
show ga
Binding kinetics of the multivalent proteins peanut agglutinin (PnA) and cholera
toxin B subunit (CTB) to a GM1-doped 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
(DOPC) lipid bilayer were investigated by both second-harmonic correlation
spectroscopy (SHCS) and a traditional equilibrium binding isotherm. Adsorption
and desorption rates, as well as binding affinity and binding free energy, for
three bulk protein concentrations were determined by SHCS. For PnA binding to
GM1, the measured adsorption rate decreased with increasing bulk PnA
concentration from (3.7 ± 0.3) × 10(6) M(-1)·s(-1) at 0.43 ?M PnA to (1.1 ± 0.1)
× 10(5) M(-1)·s(-1) at 12 ?M PnA. CTB-GM1 exhibited a similar trend, decreasing
from (1.0 ± 0.1) × 10(9) M(-1)·s(-1) at 0.5 nM CTB to (3.5 ± 0.2) × 10(6)
M(-1)·s(-1) at 240 nM CTB. The measured desorption rates in both studies did not
exhibit any dependence on initial protein concentration. As such, 0.43 ?M PnA and
0.5 nM CTB had the strongest measured binding affinities, (3.7 ± 0.8) × 10(9)
M(-1) and (2.8 ± 0.5) × 10(13) M(-1), respectively. Analysis of the binding
isotherm data suggests there is electrostatic repulsion between protein molecules
when PnA binds GM1, while CTB-GM1 demonstrates positive ligand-ligand
cooperativity. This study provides additional insight into the complex
interactions between multivalent proteins and their ligands and showcases SHCS
for examining these complex yet technologically important protein-ligand
complexes used in biosensors, immunoassays, and other biomedical diagnostics.