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1978 ; 22
(2
): 423-9
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Cellular changes in lungs of mice infected with influenza virus: characterization
of the cytotoxic responses
#MMPMID310424
Wyde PR
; Cate TR
Infect Immun
1978[Nov]; 22
(2
): 423-9
PMID310424
show ga
Transpleural lavage of lungs from uninfected C3H mice yielded an average of
300,000 leukocytes per mouse. This number increased eightfold within 6 days after
intranasal inoculation with virulent influenza A/Hong Kong/68 (H3N2) virus.
Macrophages and lymphocytes in approximately equal numbers comprised 90% or more
of the leukocytes both before and during infection. B, T, and null lymphocytes
comprised, respectively, 9, 21, and 18% of the leukocytes before infection and 7,
26, and 5% by day 6. In absolute numbers, macrophages and T lymphocytes provided
the major increments during infection. Cytotoxic activity of mononuclear cells
from lung lavages was compared in a chromium release assay using syngeneic L929
target cells with the activity of mediastinal lymph nodes, spleens, and
peripheral blood of uninfected and infected C3H mice. Nonspecific cytotoxicity
for target cells infected with H3hkNeq1 or B/Lee influenza virus was found with
mononuclear cells from uninfected mice. This activity tended to be highest with
lavage leukocytes and was associated with adherent cells, presumably macrophages.
Increased virus-specific cytotoxicity was detected with lavage cells by day 6 and
persisted through day 9, the period of maximal pneumonia. Similar cytotoxic
activity also appeared in cells from the nodes and spleen at this same time but
was not detected in peripheral blood cells. The virus-specific cytotoxicity of
lavage cells was due largely to a nonadherent cell possessing Fc receptors and
theta antigen but lacking C3 receptors; these properties are compatible with
actively cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The cytological characteristics of the
infiltrating leukocytes and the cytotoxicity data suggest that the local T cell
response to influenza virus infection in the lung is a major contributor to the
pneumonia observed in this mouse model.
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