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Human TLR10 is an anti-inflammatory pattern-recognition receptor #MMPMID25288745
Oosting M; Cheng SC; Bolscher JM; Vestering-Stenger R; Plantinga TS; Verschueren IC; Arts P; Garritsen A; van Eenennaam H; Sturm P; Kullberg BJ; Hoischen A; Adema GJ; van der Meer JWM; Netea MG; Joosten LAB
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014[Oct]; 111 (42): E4478-84 PMID25288745show ga
We demonstrate the biological role of TLR10, the only member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-family so far without a known function. We show that TLR10 acts as an inhibitory receptor, with suppressive effects. Blocking TLR10 by specific antibodies significantly upregulated TLR2-mediated cytokine production. Additionally, we show that individuals carrying loss-of-function SNPs in TLR10 display upregulation of TLR2-mediated cytokine production. After challenging human TLR10 transgenic mice with TLR2 ligand pam3CSK4 (Pam3Cys), less inflammation could be observed when compared with wild-type mice. Taking these data together, we show that TLR10 is the only pattern-recognition receptor within the TLR family that is able to dampen TLR2 responses, thereby suppressing immune responses through production of IL-1Ra.