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Optineurin is an autophagy receptor for damaged mitochondria in parkin-mediated mitophagy that is disrupted by an ALS-linked mutation #MMPMID25294927
Wong YC; Holzbaur ELF
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014[Oct]; 111 (42): E4439-48 PMID25294927show ga
In mitophagy, damaged mitochondria recruit parkin to ubiquitinate proteins on the outer mitochondrial membrane, targeting mitochondria for autophagosome engulfment and degradation. However, the proteins involved in mediating autophagosome formation to degrade damaged and ubiquitinated mitochondria remain unknown. We used live cell imaging to demonstrate that optineurin is actively recruited to parkin-labeled ubiquitinated mitochondria and is stabilized by its ubiquitin binding domain. Optineurin binds the autophagosome protein LC3 (microtubule-associated protein light chain 3), and this binding recruits autophagosome assembly around damaged mitochondria. We find that the E478G optineurin mutation, causative for the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, disrupts autophagosome recruitment. As mutations in parkin are linked to Parkinson?s disease, this study indicates that defects in a single mitochondrial degradation pathway lead to neurodegenerative diseases with distinct pathologies.