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Conjunctival Epithelial and Goblet Cell Function in Chronic Inflammation and Ocular Allergic Inflammation #MMPMID25061855
Purpose of the review:: Although conjunctival goblet cells are a major cell type in ocular mucosa, their responses during ocular allergy are largely unexplored. This review summarizes recent findings that provide key insights into mechanisms by which their function and survival is altered during chronic inflammatory responses including ocular allergy. Recent findings:: Conjunctiva represents a major component of the ocular mucosa that harbors specialized lymphoid tissue. Exposure of mucin secreting goblet cells to allergic and inflammatory mediators released by local innate and adaptive immune cells modulates proliferation, secretory function and cell survival. Allergic mediators like histamine, leukotrienes and prostaglandins directly stimulate goblet cell mucin secretion and consistently increase goblet cell proliferation. Goblet cell mucin secretion is also detectable in a murine model of allergic conjunctivitis. Additionally primary goblet cell cultures allow evaluation of various inflammatory cytokines with respect to changes in goblet cell mucin secretion, proliferation and apoptosis. These findings in combination with pre-clinical mouse models help understand goblet cell responses and their modulation during chronic inflammatory diseases including ocular allergy. Summary:: Recent findings related to conjunctival goblet cells provide the basis for novel therapeutic approaches, including modulation of goblet cell mucin production, to improve treatment of ocular allergies.