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2014 ; 27
(10
): 1757-68
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Assay of protein and peptide adducts of cholesterol ozonolysis products by
hydrophobic and click enrichment methods
#MMPMID25185119
Windsor K
; Genaro-Mattos TC
; Miyamoto S
; Stec DF
; Kim HY
; Tallman KA
; Porter NA
Chem Res Toxicol
2014[Oct]; 27
(10
): 1757-68
PMID25185119
show ga
Cholesterol undergoes ozonolysis to afford a variety of oxysterol products,
including cholesterol-5,6-epoxide (CholEp) and the isomeric aldehydes secosterol
A (seco A) and secosterol B (seco B). These oxysterols display numerous important
biological activities, including protein adduction; however, much remains to be
learned about the identity of the reactive species and the range of proteins
modified by these oxysterols. Here, we synthesized alkynyl derivatives of
cholesterol-derived oxysterols and employed a straightforward detection method to
establish secosterols A and B as the most protein-reactive of the oxysterols
tested. Model adduction studies with an amino acid, peptides, and proteins
provide evidence for the potential role of secosterol dehydration products in
protein adduction. Hydrophobic separation methods-Folch extraction and solid
phase extraction (SPE)-were successfully applied to enrich oxysterol-adducted
peptide species, and LC-MS/MS analysis of a model peptide-seco adduct revealed a
unique fragmentation pattern (neutral loss of 390 Da) for that species. Coupling
a hydrophobic enrichment method with proteomic analysis utilizing characteristic
fragmentation patterns facilitates the identification of secosterol-modified
peptides and proteins in an adducted protein. More broadly, these improved
enrichment methods may give insight into the role of oxysterols and ozone
exposure in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases, including atherosclerosis,
Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and asthma.