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2014 ; 12
(10
): 1470-9
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Differential requirement for Src family tyrosine kinases in the initiation,
progression, and metastasis of prostate cancer
#MMPMID25053806
Gelman IH
; Peresie J
; Eng KH
; Foster BA
Mol Cancer Res
2014[Oct]; 12
(10
): 1470-9
PMID25053806
show ga
Prostate cancer (CaP) recurrence after androgen ablation therapy remains a
significant cause of mortality in aging men. Malignant progression and metastasis
are typically driven by genetic and epigenetic changes controlled by the androgen
receptor (AR). However, evidence suggests that activated nonreceptor tyrosine
kinases, including those of the Src family kinases (SFK), directly phosphorylate
AR, thereby activating its transcriptional activity in the absence of serum
androgen levels. To ascertain whether CaP progression and metastasis require SFK
members, an autochthonous transgenic adenocarcinoma (AD) of the mouse prostate
(TRAMP) model was crossed into Src-, Lyn- or Fyn-null backgrounds. Primary-site
CaP formation was dependent on Src, to a lesser extent, Lyn, but not Fyn. Only
Src(-) (/) (-);TRAMP prostate tumors were marked by reactive stroma. SFK
deficiency did not affect progression to neuroendocrine (NE) disease, although
there were fewer new cancer cases initiating after 34 weeks in the SFK(-/-);TRAMP
mice compared with TRAMP controls. Of note, 15% to 21% of older (>33 weeks) Lyn-
or Fyn-null TRAMP mice lacking primary-site tumors suffered from aggressive
metastatic AD growths, compared with 3% of TRAMP mice. Taken with the data that
TRAMP mice lacking Src or Lyn exhibited fewer macroscopic metastases compared
with Fyn(-) (/) (-);TRAMP and TRAMP controls, this suggests that SFK can either
promote or suppress specific parameters of metastatic growth, possibly depending
on cross-talk with primary tumors. These data identify critical, yet potentially
opposing roles played by various SFKs in the initiation and metastatic potential
of CaP using the TRAMP model. IMPLICATIONS: Genetically defined mouse models
indicate a critical role for Src tyrosine kinase in CaP initiation and metastatic
progression.