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2014 ; 15
(5
): 619-26
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Effect of early screening for invasive fungal infections in U S service members
with explosive blast injuries
#MMPMID24823926
Lloyd B
; Weintrob AC
; Rodriguez C
; Dunne JR
; Weisbrod AB
; Hinkle M
; Warkentien T
; Murray CK
; Oh J
; Millar EV
; Shah J
; Shaikh F
; Gregg S
; Lloyd G
; Stevens J
; Carson ML
; Aggarwal D
; Tribble DR
Surg Infect (Larchmt)
2014[Oct]; 15
(5
): 619-26
PMID24823926
show ga
BACKGROUND: An outbreak of invasive fungal infections (IFI) began in 2009 among
United States servicemen who sustained blast injuries in Afghanistan. In
response, the military trauma community sought a uniform approach to early
diagnosis and treatment. Toward this goal, a local clinical practice guideline
(CPG) was implemented at Landstuhl Regional Medical Center (LRMC) in early 2011
to screen for IFI in high-risk patients using tissue histopathology and fungal
cultures. METHODS: We compared IFI cases identified after initiation of the CPG
(February through August 2011) to cases from a pre-CPG period (June 2009 through
January 2011). RESULTS: Sixty-one patients were screened in the CPG period, among
whom 30 IFI cases were identified and compared with 44 pre-CPG IFI cases.
Demographics between the two study periods were similar, although significantly
higher transfusion requirements (p<0.05) and non-significant trends in injury
severity scores and early lower extremity amputation rates suggested more severe
injuries in CPG-period cases. Pre-CPG IFI cases were more likely to be associated
with angioinvasion on histopathology than CPG IFI cases (48% versus 17%;
p<0.001). Time to IFI diagnosis (three versus nine days) and to initiation of
antifungal therapy (seven versus 14 days) were significantly decreased in the CPG
period (p<0.001). Additionally, more IFI patients received antifungal agent at
LRMC during the CPG period (30%) versus pre-CPG period (5%; p=0.005). The CPG IFI
cases were also prescribed more commonly dual antifungal therapy (73% versus 36%;
p=0.002). There was no statistical difference in length of stay or mortality
between pre-CPG and CPG IFI cases; although a non-significant reduction in crude
mortality from 11.4% to 6.7% was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Angioinvasive IFI as a
percentage of total IFI cases decreased during the CPG period. Earlier diagnosis
and commencement of more timely treatment was achieved. Despite these
improvements, no difference in clinical outcomes was observed compared with the
pre-CPG period.
|Adult
[MESH]
|Afghan Campaign 2001-
[MESH]
|Antifungal Agents/administration & dosage
[MESH]
|Blast Injuries/epidemiology/*microbiology
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Male
[MESH]
|Military Personnel/*statistics & numerical data
[MESH]