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2014 ; 192
(4
): 1196-202
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Use of nephron sparing surgery and impact on survival in children with Wilms
tumor: a SEER analysis
#MMPMID24735935
Wang HH
; Abern MR
; Cost NG
; Chu DI
; Ross SS
; Wiener JS
; Routh JC
J Urol
2014[Oct]; 192
(4
): 1196-202
PMID24735935
show ga
PURPOSE: Nephron sparing surgery is the standard of care for many adults with
renal tumors and has been described in some children with Wilms tumor. However,
beyond case series the data concerning nephron sparing surgery application and
outcomes in patients with Wilms tumor are scarce. We examined nephron sparing
surgery outcomes and factors associated with its application in children with
Wilms tumor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the 1998 to 2010
SEER database. We identified patients 18 years old or younger with Wilms tumor.
Clinical, demographic and socioeconomic data were abstracted, and statistical
analysis was performed using multivariate logistic regression (predicting use of
nephron sparing surgery limited to unilateral tumors smaller than 15 cm) and Cox
regression (predicting overall survival) models. RESULTS: We identified 876 boys
and 956 girls with Wilms tumor (mean ± SD age 3.3 ± 2.9 years). Of these patients
114 (6.2%) underwent nephron sparing surgery (unilateral Wilms tumor in 74 and
bilateral in 37). Median followup was 7.1 years. Regarding procedure choice,
nephron sparing surgery was associated with unknown lymph node status (Nx vs N0,
p <0.001) and smaller tumor size (p <0.001). Regarding survival, only age (HR
1.09, p = 0.002), race (HR 2.48, p = 0.002), stage (HR 2.99, p <0.001) and lymph
node status (HR 2.17, p = 0.001) predicted decreased overall survival. Survival
was not significantly different between children undergoing nephron sparing
surgery and radical nephrectomy (HR 0.79, p = 0.58). CONCLUSIONS: In children
with Wilms tumor included in the SEER database nephron sparing surgery has been
infrequently performed. Nephron sparing surgery application is associated with
smaller, bilateral tumors and with omission of lymphadenectomy. However, there
are no evident differences in application of nephron sparing surgery based on
demographic or socioeconomic factors. Despite lymph node under staging, overall
survival is similar between patients undergoing nephron sparing surgery and
radical nephrectomy.