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2014 ; 42
(18
): 11433-46
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SSX2 is a novel DNA-binding protein that antagonizes polycomb group body
formation and gene repression
#MMPMID25249625
Gjerstorff MF
; Relster MM
; Greve KB
; Moeller JB
; Elias D
; Lindgreen JN
; Schmidt S
; Mollenhauer J
; Voldborg B
; Pedersen CB
; Brückmann NH
; Møllegaard NE
; Ditzel HJ
Nucleic Acids Res
2014[Oct]; 42
(18
): 11433-46
PMID25249625
show ga
Polycomb group (PcG) complexes regulate cellular identity through epigenetic
programming of chromatin. Here, we show that SSX2, a germline-specific protein
ectopically expressed in melanoma and other types of human cancers, is a
chromatin-associated protein that antagonizes BMI1 and EZH2 PcG body formation
and derepresses PcG target genes. SSX2 further negatively regulates the level of
the PcG-associated histone mark H3K27me3 in melanoma cells, and there is a clear
inverse correlation between SSX2/3 expression and H3K27me3 in spermatogenesis.
However, SSX2 does not affect the overall composition and stability of PcG
complexes, and there is no direct concordance between SSX2 and BMI1/H3K27me3
presence at regulated genes. This suggests that SSX2 antagonizes PcG function
through an indirect mechanism, such as modulation of chromatin structure. SSX2
binds double-stranded DNA in a sequence non-specific manner in agreement with the
observed widespread association with chromatin. Our results implicate SSX2 in
regulation of chromatin structure and function.