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2014 ; 107
(7
): 1669-74
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Copper-based pulsed dipolar ESR spectroscopy as a probe of protein conformation
linked to disease states
#MMPMID25296320
Merz GE
; Borbat PP
; Pratt AJ
; Getzoff ED
; Freed JH
; Crane BR
Biophys J
2014[Oct]; 107
(7
): 1669-74
PMID25296320
show ga
We demonstrate the ability of pulsed dipolar electron spin resonance (ESR)
spectroscopy (PDS) to report on the conformation of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase
(SOD1) through the sensitive measurement of dipolar interactions between inherent
Cu(2+) ions. Although the extent and the anisotropy of the Cu ESR spectrum
provides challenges for PDS, Ku-band (17.3 GHz) double electron-electron
resonance and double-quantum coherence variants of PDS coupled with distance
reconstruction methods recover Cu-Cu distances in good agreement with crystal
structures. Moreover, Cu-PDS measurements expose distinct differences between the
conformational properties of wild-type SOD1 and a single-residue variant (I149T)
that leads to the disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The I149T protein
displays a broader Cu-Cu distance distribution within the SOD1 dimer compared to
wild-type. In a nitroxide (NO)-labeled sample, distance distributions obtained
from Cu-Cu, Cu-NO, and NO-NO separations reveal increased structural
heterogeneity within the protein and a tendency for mutant dimers to associate.
In contrast, perturbations caused by the ALS mutation are completely masked in
the crystal structure of I149T. Thus, PDS readily detects alterations in
metalloenzyme solution properties not easily deciphered by other methods and in
doing so supports the notion that increased range of motion and associations of
SOD1 ALS variants contribute to disease progression.