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10.1016/j.msec.2014.08.036 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.msec.2014.08.036 C4186695!4186695!25280696     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Mater+Sci+Eng+C+Mater+Biol+Appl 2014 ; ä (ä): 191-200 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=25280696|t=2014. Surface microcracks signal osteoblasts to regulate alignment and bone formation |pdf=|usr=}}{{25280696}} gab.com Text Surface microcracks signal osteoblasts to regulate alignment and bone formation JO: Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25280696 #FOAvip Microcracks are present in bone and can result from fatigue damage due to repeated, cyclically applied stresses. From a mechanical point, microcracks can dissipate strain energy at the advancing tip of a crack to improve overall bone toughness. Physiologically, microcracks are thought to trigger bone remodeling. Here, we examine the effect of microcracks specifically on osteoblasts, which are bone-forming cells, by comparing cell responses on microcracked versus non-microcracked hydroxyapatite (HA) specimens. Osteoblast attachment was found to be greater on microcracked HA specimens (p<0.05). More importantly, we identified the preferential alignment of osteoblasts in the direction of the microcracks on HA. Cells also displayed a preferential attachment that was 75 to 90 ?m away from the microcrack indent. After 21 days of culture, osteoblast maturation was notably enhanced on the HA with microcracks, as indicated by increased alkaline phosphatase activity and gene expression. Furthermore, examination of bone deposition by confocal laser scanning microscope indicated preferential mineralization at microcrack indentation sites. Dissolution studies indicate that the microcracks increase calcium release, which could contribute to osteoblast responses. Our findings suggest that microcracks signal osteoblast attachment and bone formation/healing. Twit Text FOAVip Surface microcracks signal osteoblasts to regulate alignment and bone formation ????Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25280696 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25280696 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|25280696}}</ref> Surface microcracks signal osteoblasts to regulate alignment and bone formation #MMPMID25280696 Shu Y; Baumann MJ; Case ED; Irwin RK; Meyer SE; Pearson CS; McCabe LR Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2014[Nov]; ä (ä): 191-200 PMID25280696show ga Microcracks are present in bone and can result from fatigue damage due to repeated, cyclically applied stresses. From a mechanical point, microcracks can dissipate strain energy at the advancing tip of a crack to improve overall bone toughness. Physiologically, microcracks are thought to trigger bone remodeling. Here, we examine the effect of microcracks specifically on osteoblasts, which are bone-forming cells, by comparing cell responses on microcracked versus non-microcracked hydroxyapatite (HA) specimens. Osteoblast attachment was found to be greater on microcracked HA specimens (p<0.05). More importantly, we identified the preferential alignment of osteoblasts in the direction of the microcracks on HA. Cells also displayed a preferential attachment that was 75 to 90 ?m away from the microcrack indent. After 21 days of culture, osteoblast maturation was notably enhanced on the HA with microcracks, as indicated by increased alkaline phosphatase activity and gene expression. Furthermore, examination of bone deposition by confocal laser scanning microscope indicated preferential mineralization at microcrack indentation sites. Dissolution studies indicate that the microcracks increase calcium release, which could contribute to osteoblast responses. Our findings suggest that microcracks signal osteoblast attachment and bone formation/healing. äSurface microcracks signal osteoblasts to regulate alignment and bone (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing