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2014 ; 22
(9
): 642-7
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Constitutive expression of HIF-? plays a major role in generation of clear-cell
phenotype in human primary and metastatic renal carcinoma
#MMPMID25046225
Tóth K
; Chintala S
; Rustum YM
Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol
2014[Oct]; 22
(9
): 642-7
PMID25046225
show ga
The extensive lipid accumulation occurring in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma
(ccRCC) results in a clear-cell cytoplasm. Hypoxia-inducible factor ? (HIF-?) is
constitutively expressed in many ccRCC and transcriptionally regulates >100
genes. In a recent breakthrough study, HIF-1? induced ccRCC in transgenic mice.
On the basis of these findings, we developed a hypothesis that accounted for
HIF-? generation of the clear-cell phenotype. The aim of the present study was to
use immunohistochemical staining methods in tissue microarray to determine the
extent to which the clear-cell phenotype coincided with HIF-? expression in
primary and metastatic ccRCC. In addition, we studied whether the
prolyl-hydroxylases (PHD2,3) play a role in promoting the elevated expression of
HIF-? in tumor cells. The clear-cell phenotype was observed in all primary and
metastatic cases of ccRCC examined. A total of 168 renal cell carcinomas were
evaluated by immunohistochemical methods; 141 of the 168 (84%) tumors expressed
HIF-? (HIF-1? and/or HIF-2?). In contrast, HIF-? was expressed in only 1 of the
23 (4%) non-ccRCCs. These data supported the hypothesis that in the majority of
the tumors HIF-? expression overlapped with the clear-cell phenotype and was
indicative of an HIF-?-mediated lipid accumulation. In a smaller percentage of
ccRCC cases (16%), HIF-? was not detected in the tumor cells and suggested that
lipid accumulation by HIF-?-lipid-independent process. PHD3 was undetectable in
both primary and metastatic ccRCC cases. We concluded that the undetectable PHD3
could contribute to the higher HIF-? expression in ccRCC.