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2014 ; 25
(10
): 897-904
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ORCA-010, a novel potency-enhanced oncolytic adenovirus, exerts strong antitumor
activity in preclinical models
#MMPMID25093639
Dong W
; van Ginkel JW
; Au KY
; Alemany R
; Meulenberg JJ
; van Beusechem VW
Hum Gene Ther
2014[Oct]; 25
(10
): 897-904
PMID25093639
show ga
Improving the antitumor potency of current oncolytic adenoviruses represents one
of the major challenges in development of these viruses for clinical use. We have
generated an oncolytic adenovirus carrying the safety-enhancing E1A?24 deletion,
the potency-enhancing T1 mutation, and the infectivity-enhancing fiber RGD
modification. The results of in vitro cytotoxicity assays on 15 human cancer cell
lines derived from different tumor types demonstrated that ORCA-010 is more
potent than Ad5-?24RGD or ONYX-015. As ORCA-010 will initially be developed for
the treatment of prostate cancer, selectivity experiments were performed using
primary human prostate cells. ORCA-010 killed cancer cells more effectively than
these primary human cells. In both primary prostate fibroblasts and epithelial
cells, ORCA-010 was as safe as Ad5-?24RGD. Evaluation of ORCA-010 in in vivo
xenograft tumor models in nude mice showed that ORCA-010 significantly inhibited
growth of prostate, lung, and ovarian tumors and conferred prolonged survival of
tumor-bearing animals. Furthermore, we observed a substantial increase in
infectious viral particles in tumors injected with ORCA-010. The number of
infectious viral particles increased after treatment and infectious particles
remained present up to at least 4 weeks posttreatment. Intratumoral virus
replication was associated with substantial necrosis and fibrosis. In conclusion,
ORCA-010 is more potent than earlier generation oncolytic adenoviruses, without
demonstrating increased toxicity. ORCA-010 exerted strong in vivo antitumor
activity and is therefore a suitable candidate for clinical evaluation.