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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Am+Soc+Nephrol
2014 ; 25
(10
): 2159-68
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Reduced renal calcium excretion in the absence of sclerostin expression: evidence
for a novel calcium-regulating bone kidney axis
#MMPMID24876121
Kumar R
; Vallon V
J Am Soc Nephrol
2014[Oct]; 25
(10
): 2159-68
PMID24876121
show ga
The kidneys contribute to calcium homeostasis by adjusting the reabsorption and
excretion of filtered calcium through processes that are regulated by parathyroid
hormone (PTH) and 1?,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1?,25[OH]2D3). Most of the filtered
calcium is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule, primarily by paracellular
mechanisms that are not sensitive to calcium-regulating hormones in
physiologically relevant ways. In the distal tubule, however, calcium is
reabsorbed by channels and transporters, the activity or expression of which is
highly regulated and increased by PTH and 1?,25(OH)2D3. Recent research suggests
that other, heretofore unrecognized factors, such as the osteocyte-specific
protein sclerostin, also regulate renal calcium excretion. Clues in this regard
have come from the study of humans and mice with inactivating mutations of the
sclerostin gene that both have increased skeletal density, which would
necessitate an increase in intestinal absorption and/or renal reabsorption of
calcium. Deletion of the sclerostin gene in mice significantly diminishes urinary
calcium excretion and increases fractional renal calcium reabsorption. This is
associated with increased circulating 1?,25(OH)2D3 levels, whereas sclerostin
directly suppresses 1?-hydroxylase in immortalized proximal tubular cells. Thus,
evidence is accumulating that sclerostin directly or indirectly reduces renal
calcium reabsorption, suggesting the presence of a novel calcium-excreting
bone-kidney axis.
|Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
[MESH]
|Animals
[MESH]
|Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/*metabolism
[MESH]
|Bone and Bones/*metabolism
[MESH]
|Calcium/*metabolism
[MESH]
|Genetic Markers
[MESH]
|Glucuronidase/metabolism
[MESH]
|Glycoproteins/*metabolism
[MESH]
|Homeostasis
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
[MESH]