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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Angiogenesis
2014 ; 17
(4
): 823-830
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VEGF neutralization can prevent and normalize arteriovenous malformations in an
animal model for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia 2
#MMPMID24957885
Han C
; Choe SW
; Kim YH
; Acharya AP
; Keselowsky BG
; Sorg BS
; Lee YJ
; Oh SP
Angiogenesis
2014[Oct]; 17
(4
): 823-830
PMID24957885
show ga
Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) refers to a vascular anomaly where arteries and
veins are directly connected through a complex, tangled web of abnormal AV
fistulae without a normal capillary network. Hereditary hemorrhagic
telangiectasia (HHT) types 1 and 2 arise from heterozygous mutations in endoglin
(ENG) and activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1), respectively. HHT patients
possess AVMs in various organs, and telangiectases (small AVMs) along the
mucocutaneous surface. Understanding why and how AVMs develop is crucial for
developing therapies to inhibit the formation, growth, or maintenance of AVMs in
HHT patients. Previously, we have shown that secondary factors such as wounding
are required for Alk1-deficient vessels to develop skin AVMs. Here, we present
evidences that AVMs establish from nascent arteries and veins rather than from
remodeling of a preexistent capillary network in the wound-induced skin AVM
model. We also show that VEGF can mimic the wound effect on skin AVM formation,
and VEGF-neutralizing antibody can prevent skin AVM formation and ameliorate
internal bleeding in Alk1-deficient adult mice. With topical applications at
different stages of AVM development, we demonstrate that the VEGF blockade can
prevent the formation of AVM and cease the progression of AVM development. Taken
together, the presented experimental model is an invaluable system for precise
molecular mechanism of action of VEGF blockades as well as for preclinical
screening of drug candidates for epistaxis and gastrointestinal bleedings.