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Development, differentiation and diversity of innate lymphoid cells #MMPMID25238093
Diefenbach A; Colonna M; Koyasu S
Immunity 2014[Sep]; 41 (3): 354-65 PMID25238093show ga
Recent years have witnessed the discovery of an unprecedented complexity in innate lymphocyte lineages, now collectively referred to as innate lymphoid cells (ILC). ILC are preferentially located at barrier surfaces and are important for protection against pathogens and for the maintenance of organ homeostasis. Inappropriate activation of ILC has been linked to the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Recent evidence suggests that ILC can be grouped into two separate lineages, cytotoxic ILC represented by conventional natural killer (cNK) cells and cytokine-producing helper-like ILC (i.e., ILC1, ILC2, ILC3). We will focus here on current work in humans and mice that has identified core transcriptional circuitry required for the commitment of lymphoid progenitors to the ILC lineage. The striking similarities in transcriptional control of ILC and T cell lineages reveal important insights into the evolution of transcriptional programs required to protect multicellular organisms against infections and to fortify barrier surfaces.