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10.4049/jimmunol.1401136

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suck abstract from ncbi


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pmid25172485
      J+Immunol 2014 ; 193 (7 ): 3436-45
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  • Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 limits RIG-I RNA detection and suppresses IFN production responding to viral and endogenous RNAs #MMPMID25172485
  • Yang S ; Deng P ; Zhu Z ; Zhu J ; Wang G ; Zhang L ; Chen AF ; Wang T ; Sarkar SN ; Billiar TR ; Wang Q
  • J Immunol 2014[Oct]; 193 (7 ): 3436-45 PMID25172485 show ga
  • Type I IFNs play central roles in innate immunity; however, overproduction of IFN can lead to immunopathology. In this study, we demonstrate that adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1), an RNA-editing enzyme induced by IFN, is essential for cells to avoid inappropriate sensing of cytosolic RNA in an inducible knockout cell model-the primary mouse embryo fibroblast derived from ADAR1 lox/lox and Cre-ER mice as well as in HEK293 cells. ADAR1 suppresses viral and cellular RNA detection by retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) through its RNA binding rather than its RNA editing activity. dsRNA binds to both ADAR1 and RIG-I, but ADAR1 reduces RIG-I RNA binding. In the absence of ADAR1, cellular RNA stimulates type I IFN production without viral infection or exogenous RNA stimulation. Moreover, we showed in the ADAR1-inducible knockout mice that ADAR1 gene disruption results in high-level IFN production in neuronal tissues-the hallmark of Aicardi-Goutières syndrome, a heritable autoimmune disease recently found to be associated with ADAR1 gene mutations. In summary, this study found that ADAR1 limits cytosolic RNA sensing by RIG-I through its RNA binding activity; therefore, ADAR1 suppresses type I IFN production stimulated by viral and cellular RNAs. These results explain why loss of ADARA1 causes IFN induction and also indicates a mechanism for the involvement of ADAR1 in autoimmune diseases such as Aicardi-Goutières syndrome.
  • |Adenosine Deaminase/genetics/*immunology [MESH]
  • |Animals [MESH]
  • |Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System/genetics/immunology/pathology [MESH]
  • |DEAD Box Protein 58 [MESH]
  • |DEAD-box RNA Helicases/genetics/*immunology/*metabolism [MESH]
  • |Gene Knockdown Techniques [MESH]
  • |HEK293 Cells [MESH]
  • |Humans [MESH]
  • |Interferon Type I/genetics/*immunology [MESH]
  • |Mice [MESH]
  • |Mice, Knockout [MESH]
  • |Nervous System Malformations/genetics/immunology/pathology [MESH]
  • |RNA, Viral/genetics/*immunology [MESH]
  • |RNA-Binding Proteins [MESH]
  • |Receptors, Immunologic [MESH]


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