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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Neuroscience 2014 ; ä (ä): 139-51 Nephropedia Template TP
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Alcohol, stress hormones, and the prefrontal cortex: a proposed pathway to the dark side of addiction #MMPMID24998895
Lu YL; Richardson HN
Neuroscience 2014[Sep]; ä (ä): 139-51 PMID24998895show ga
Chronic exposure to alcohol produces changes in the prefrontal cortex that are thought to contribute to the development and maintenance of alcoholism. A large body of literature suggests that stress hormones play a critical role in this process. Here we review the bi-directional relationship between alcohol and stress hormones, and discuss how alcohol acutely stimulates the release of glucocorticoids and induces enduring modifications to neuroendocrine stress circuits during the transition from non-dependent drinking to alcohol dependence. We propose a pathway by which alcohol and stress hormones elicit neuroadaptive changes in prefrontal circuitry that could contribute functionally to a dampened neuroendocrine state and the increased propensity to relapse?a spiraling trajectory that could eventually lead to dependence.