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2014 ; 124
(11
): 1816-23
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A systems approach to hemostasis: 2 Computational analysis of molecular
transport in the thrombus microenvironment
#MMPMID24951425
Tomaiuolo M
; Stalker TJ
; Welsh JD
; Diamond SL
; Sinno T
; Brass LF
Blood
2014[Sep]; 124
(11
): 1816-23
PMID24951425
show ga
Hemostatic thrombi formed after a penetrating injury have a heterogeneous
architecture in which a core of highly activated, densely packed platelets is
covered by a shell of less-activated, loosely packed platelets. In the first
manuscript in this series, we show that regional differences in intrathrombus
protein transport rates emerge early in the hemostatic response and are preserved
as the thrombus develops. Here, we use a theoretical approach to investigate this
process and its impact on agonist distribution. The results suggest that hindered
diffusion, rather than convection, is the dominant mechanism responsible for
molecular movement within the thrombus. The analysis also suggests that the
thrombus core, as compared with the shell, provides an environment for retaining
soluble agonists such as thrombin, affecting the extent of platelet activation by
establishing agonist-specific concentration gradients radiating from the site of
injury. This analysis accounts for the observed weaker activation and relative
instability of platelets in the shell and predicts that a failure to form a
tightly packed thrombus core will limit thrombin accumulation, a prediction
tested by analysis of data from mice with a defect in clot retraction.