Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=25190694
&cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 215
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\25190694
.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Natl+Compr+Canc+Netw
2014 ; 12
(9
): 1255-62
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Milestones in the staging, classification, and biology of Merkel cell carcinoma
#MMPMID25190694
Moshiri AS
; Nghiem P
J Natl Compr Canc Netw
2014[Sep]; 12
(9
): 1255-62
PMID25190694
show ga
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin cancer that is causally
associated with ultraviolet light exposure and a recently discovered
polyomavirus. Before 2010, MCC was staged using any of 5 unique systems in active
use. In 2010, a consensus staging system for MCC was adopted worldwide and
replaced these systems. This consensus system includes substages that reflect
prognostic differences based on whether nodal evaluation was performed by
pathologic analysis or clinical assessment alone. MCC-specific disease
classification in ICD-9, to be expanded in the upcoming ICD-10, has improved the
ability to track and manage this malignancy. Several biomarkers and
histopathologic features have been identified that improve understanding of this
cancer and may lead to future refinement of the current staging system. In 2008,
the Merkel cell polyomavirus was discovered and is now thought to be a critical
mechanism of transformation in at least 80% of MCCs. In patients who produce
antibodies to the viral T-antigen oncoprotein, the titer increases and decreases
with MCC disease burden and can be a clinically useful marker of recurrence.
Diverse studies link CD8-positive T-cell function with outcomes in MCC and serve
as the rational basis for ongoing trials of therapies to augment cellular
immunity. This article reviews basic and translational research insights that
will lead to improved staging, prognostic accuracy, and mechanism-based therapy
for this often-lethal skin cancer.