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Reduction of the peptidoglycan crosslinking causes a decrease in stiffness of the
Staphylococcus aureus cell envelope
#MMPMID25185544
Loskill P
; Pereira PM
; Jung P
; Bischoff M
; Herrmann M
; Pinho MG
; Jacobs K
Biophys J
2014[Sep]; 107
(5
): 1082-1089
PMID25185544
show ga
We have used atomic-force microscopy (AFM) to probe the effect of peptidoglycan
crosslinking reduction on the elasticity of the Staphylococcus aureus cell wall,
which is of particular interest as a target for antimicrobial chemotherapy.
Penicillin-binding protein 4 (PBP4) is a nonessential transpeptidase, required
for the high levels of peptidoglycan crosslinking characteristic of S. aureus.
Importantly, this protein is essential for ?-lactam resistance in
community-acquired, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains but not in
hospital-acquired MRSA strains. Using AFM in a new mode for recording
force/distance curves, we observed that the absence of PBP4, and the concomitant
reduction of the peptidoglycan crosslinking, resulted in a reduction in stiffness
of the S. aureus cell wall. Importantly, the reduction in cell wall stiffness in
the absence of PBP4 was observed both in community-acquired and hospital-acquired
MRSA strains, indicating that high levels of peptidoglycan crosslinking modulate
the overall structure and mechanical properties of the S. aureus cell envelope in
both types of clinically relevant strains. Additionally, we were able to show
that the applied method enables the separation of cell wall properties and turgor
pressure.
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