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10.1681/ASN.2013101062 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1681/ASN.2013101062 C4147984!4147984!24812165     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       J+Am+Soc+Nephrol 2014 ; 25 (9): 1897-907 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=24812165|t=2014. The Uremic Toxicity of Indoxyl Sulfate and p-Cresyl Sulfate: A Systematic Review |pdf=|usr=}}{{24812165}} gab.com Text The Uremic Toxicity of Indoxyl Sulfate and p-Cresyl Sulfate: A Systematic Review JO: J Am Soc Nephrol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=24812165 #FOAvip A growing number of publications supports a biologic effect of the protein-bound uremic retention solutes indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate. However, the use of unrealistically high free concentrations of these compounds and/or inappropriately low albumin concentrations may blur the interpretation of these results. Here, we performed a systematic review, selecting only studies in which, depending on the albumin concentration, real or extrapolated free concentrations of indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate remained in the uremic range. The 27 studies retrieved comprised in vitro and animal studies. A quality score was developed, giving 1 point for each of the following criteria: six or more experiments, confirmation by more than one experimental approach, neutralization of the biologic effect by counteractive reagents or antibodies, use of a real-life model, and use of dose?response analyses in vitro and/or animal studies. The overall average score was 3 of 5 points, with five studies scoring 5 of 5 points and six studies scoring 4 of 5 points, highlighting the superior quality of a substantial number of the retrieved studies. In the 11 highest scoring studies, most functional deteriorations were related to uremic cardiovascular disease and kidney damage. We conclude that our systematic approach allowed the retrieval of methodologically correct studies unbiased by erroneous conditions related to albumin binding. Our data seem to confirm the toxicity of indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate and support their roles in vascular and renal disease progression. Twit Text FOAVip The Uremic Toxicity of Indoxyl Sulfate and p-Cresyl Sulfate: A Systematic Review ????J Am Soc Nephrol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=24812165 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=24812165 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|24812165}}</ref> The Uremic Toxicity of Indoxyl Sulfate and p-Cresyl Sulfate: A Systematic Review #MMPMID24812165 Vanholder R; Schepers E; Pletinck A; Nagler EV; Glorieux G J Am Soc Nephrol 2014[Sep]; 25 (9): 1897-907 PMID24812165show ga A growing number of publications supports a biologic effect of the protein-bound uremic retention solutes indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate. However, the use of unrealistically high free concentrations of these compounds and/or inappropriately low albumin concentrations may blur the interpretation of these results. Here, we performed a systematic review, selecting only studies in which, depending on the albumin concentration, real or extrapolated free concentrations of indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate remained in the uremic range. The 27 studies retrieved comprised in vitro and animal studies. A quality score was developed, giving 1 point for each of the following criteria: six or more experiments, confirmation by more than one experimental approach, neutralization of the biologic effect by counteractive reagents or antibodies, use of a real-life model, and use of dose?response analyses in vitro and/or animal studies. The overall average score was 3 of 5 points, with five studies scoring 5 of 5 points and six studies scoring 4 of 5 points, highlighting the superior quality of a substantial number of the retrieved studies. In the 11 highest scoring studies, most functional deteriorations were related to uremic cardiovascular disease and kidney damage. We conclude that our systematic approach allowed the retrieval of methodologically correct studies unbiased by erroneous conditions related to albumin binding. Our data seem to confirm the toxicity of indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate and support their roles in vascular and renal disease progression. äThe Uremic Toxicity of Indoxyl Sulfate and p-Cresyl Sulfate: A Systema(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing