A Brief Etymology of the Collateral Circulation #MMPMID25012127
Faber JE; Chilian WM; Deindl E; van Royen N; Simons M
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014[Sep]; 34 (9): 1854-9 PMID25012127show ga
It is well known that the protective capacity of the collateral circulation falls short in many individuals with ischemic disease of the heart, brain and lower extremities. In the past fifteen years, opportunities created by molecular and genetic tools, together with disappointing outcomes in many ?angiogenic? trials, has led to a significant increase in the number of studies that focus on: 1) understanding the basic biology of the collateral circulation; 2) identifying the mechanisms that limit the collateral circulation?s capacity in many individuals; 3) devising methods to measure collateral extent, which has been found to vary widely among individuals; and 4) developing treatments to increase collateral blood flow in obstructive disease. Unfortunately, accompanying this increase in reports has been a proliferation of vague terms used to describe the disposition and behavior of this unique circulation, as well as the increasing miss-use of well-ensconced ones by new (and old) students of the collateral circulation. With this in mind, we provide a brief glossary of readily understandable terms to denote the formation, adaptive growth, and mal-adaptive rarefaction of the collateral circulation. We also propose terminology for several newly discovered processes that occur in the collateral circulation. Finally, we include terms used to describe vessels that are sometimes confused with collaterals, as well as terms describing processes active in the general arterial-venous circulation when ischemic conditions engage the collateral circulation. We hope this brief review will help unify the terminology used in collateral research.
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Arterioscler+Thromb+Vasc+Biol 2014 ; 34 (9): 1854-9
