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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Immunol
2014 ; 193
(5
): 2416-26
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Macrophage- and neutrophil-derived TNF-? instructs skin langerhans cells to prime
antiviral immune responses
#MMPMID25057007
Epaulard O
; Adam L
; Poux C
; Zurawski G
; Salabert N
; Rosenbaum P
; Dereuddre-Bosquet N
; Zurawski S
; Flamar AL
; Oh S
; Romain G
; Chapon C
; Banchereau J
; Lévy Y
; Le Grand R
; Martinon F
J Immunol
2014[Sep]; 193
(5
): 2416-26
PMID25057007
show ga
Dendritic cells are major APCs that can efficiently prime immune responses.
However, the roles of skin-resident Langerhans cells (LCs) in eliciting immune
responses have not been fully understood. In this study, we demonstrate for the
first time, to our knowledge, that LCs in cynomolgus macaque skin are capable of
inducing antiviral-specific immune responses in vivo. Targeting HIV-Gag or
influenza hemagglutinin Ags to skin LCs using recombinant fusion proteins of
anti-Langerin Ab and Ags resulted in the induction of the viral Ag-specific
responses. We further demonstrated that such Ag-specific immune responses
elicited by skin LCs were greatly enhanced by TLR ligands, polyriboinosinic
polyribocytidylic acid, and R848. These enhancements were not due to the direct
actions of TLR ligands on LCs, but mainly dependent on TNF-? secreted from
macrophages and neutrophils recruited to local tissues. Skin LC activation and
migration out of the epidermis are associated with macrophage and neutrophil
infiltration into the tissues. More importantly, blocking TNF-? abrogated the
activation and migration of skin LCs. This study highlights that the cross-talk
between innate immune cells in local tissues is an important component for the
establishment of adaptive immunity. Understanding the importance of local immune
networks will help us to design new and effective vaccines against microbial
pathogens.