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2014 ; 26
(10
): 2276-83
Nephropedia Template TP
Cell Signal
2014[Oct]; 26
(10
): 2276-83
PMID24905473
show ga
Transforming growth factor-? (TGF-?) signaling plays an important and complex
role in renal fibrogenesis. The seemingly simple TGF-?/Smad cascade is
intensively regulated at several levels, including crosstalk with other signaling
pathways. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a potent mitogen for epithelial cells
and is elevated in diseased kidneys. In this study, we examined its effect on
TGF-?-induced fibrotic changes in human proximal tubular epithelial cells.
Simultaneous treatment with EGF specifically inhibited basal and TGF-?-induced
type-I collagen and ?-smooth muscle actin (?SMA) expression at both mRNA and
protein levels. These effects were prevented by inhibition of either the EGF
receptor kinase or its downstream MEK kinase but not by blockade of either the
JNK or PI3K pathway. Overexpression of a constitutively active MEK1 construct
mimicked the inhibitory effect of EGF. Further, EGF suppressed Smad
transcriptional activities, as shown by reduced activation of ARE-luc and
SBE-luc. Both reductions were prevented by MEK inhibition. However, EGF did not
block Smad2 or Smad3 phosphorylation by TGF-?, or Smad2/3 nuclear import. Finally
EGF induced the phosphorylation and expression of TGIF, a known TGF-?/Smad
repressor. Both the phosphorylation and the induction were blocked by a MEK
inhibitor. Overexpression of TGIF abolished TGF-?-induced ?SMA promoter activity.
Together these results suggest that EGF inhibits two TGF-?-stimulated markers of
EMT through EGF receptor tyrosine kinase and downstream ERK activation, but not
through PI3K or JNK. The inhibition results from effector mechanisms downstream
of Smads, and most likely involves the transcriptional repressor, TGIF.