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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 J+Am+Geriatr+Soc 2014 ; 62 (6): 1039-45 Nephropedia Template TP
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The Risk of Thiazide-Induced Metabolic Adverse Events in Older Adults #MMPMID24823661
Makam AN; Boscardin WJ; Miao Y; Steinman MA
J Am Geriatr Soc 2014[Jun]; 62 (6): 1039-45 PMID24823661show ga
Objectives: To evaluate the risk and predictorsof thiazide-induced adverse events (AEs) in multimorbidolder adults in real-world clinical settings. Design: Observational cohort study. Setting: National Veterans Administration data from 2007-08. Patients: Veterans 65 years or older newly prescribed a thiazide (N=1,060) compared to propensity matched non-users of anti-hypertensive medications (N=1,060). Measurements: The primary outcome was a composite of metabolic AEs defined as sodium<135 mEq/L, potassium<3.5 mEq/L, or decrease in estimated GFR by more than 25%.Secondary outcomes included severe AEs (sodium<130 mEq/L, potassium<3.0 mEq/L, or decrease in estimated GFR by more than 50%). Results: Over 9 months of follow-up, 14.3% of newthiazide users developed an AE compared to 6.0% of non-users (NNH 12, 95% CI, 9-17, p<.001), 1.8% developed a severe AE compared to 0.6% (NNH=82, p<.01), and 3.8% had an ED visit or hospitalizationwith an AE compared to 2.0%(NNH=56, p=.02). Risk of AEs did not vary by age, but having 5 or more comorbidities compared to 1 comorbidity (hypertension)was associated with 3.0 times the odds of developing an AE (95% CI, 1.4-6.2). Low-normal and unmeasuredbaseline sodium and potassium values were among the strongest predictors of hyponatremia and hypokalemia respectively. Only 42% of thiazide users had laboratory monitoring within 90 days after initiation. Conclusion: Thiazide-induced AEs are common in older adults. Greater attention should be devoted to potential complications in prescribing thiazides to older adults, including closer laboratory monitoring before and after initiation of thiazides.