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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Neurotherapeutics 2014 ; 11 (3): 564-71 Nephropedia Template TP
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Use of Cortical Stimulation in Neuropathic Pain, Tinnitus, Depression, and Movement Disorders #MMPMID24888372
Panov F; Kopell BH
Neurotherapeutics 2014[Jul]; 11 (3): 564-71 PMID24888372show ga
Medical treatment must strike a balance between benefit and risk. As the field of neuromodulation develops, decreased invasiveness, in combination with maintenance of efficacy, has become a goal. We provide a review of the history of cortical stimulation from its origins to the current state. The first part discusses neuropathic pain and the nonpharmacological treatment options used. The second part covers transitions to tinnitus, believed by many to be another deafferentation disorder, its classification, and treatment. The third part focuses on major depression. The fourth section concludes with the discussion of the use of cortical stimulation in movement disorders. Each part discusses the development of the field, describes the current care protocols, and suggests future avenues for research needed to advance neuromodulation.Electronic supplementary material: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13311-014-0283-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.