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2014 ; 391
(2
): 241-50
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Sema3A maintains corneal avascularity during development by inhibiting Vegf
induced angioblast migration
#MMPMID24809797
McKenna CC
; Ojeda AF
; Spurlin J 3rd
; Kwiatkowski S
; Lwigale PY
Dev Biol
2014[Jul]; 391
(2
): 241-50
PMID24809797
show ga
Corneal avascularity is important for optical clarity and normal vision. However,
the molecular mechanisms that prevent angioblast migration and vascularization of
the developing cornea are not clear. Previously we showed that periocular
angioblasts and forming ocular blood vessels avoid the presumptive cornea despite
dynamic ingression of neural crest cells. In the current study, we investigate
the role of Semaphorin3A (Sema3A), a cell guidance chemorepellent, on angioblast
migration and corneal avascularity during development. We show that Sema3A, Vegf,
and Nrp1 are expressed in the anterior eye during cornea development. Sema3A mRNA
transcripts are expressed at significantly higher levels than Vegf in the lens
that is positioned adjacent to the presumptive cornea. Blockade of Sema3A
signaling via lens removal or injection of a synthetic Sema3A inhibitor causes
ectopic migration of angioblasts into the cornea and results in its subsequent
vascularization. In addition, using bead implantation, we demonstrate that
exogenous Sema3A protein inhibits Vegf-induced vascularization of the cornea. In
agreement with these findings, loss of Sema/Nrp1 signaling in Nrp1(Sema-) mutant
mice results in ectopic angioblasts and vascularization of the embryonic mouse
corneas. Altogether, our results reveal Sema3A signaling as an important cue
during the establishment of corneal avascularity in both chick and mouse embryos.
Our study introduces cornea development as a new model for studying the
mechanisms involved in vascular patterning during embryogenesis and it also
provides new insights into therapeutic potential for Sema3A in neovascular
diseases.