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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Leukemia 2014 ; 28 (10): 2005-15 Nephropedia Template TP
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Cytokine-driven loss of plasmacytoid dendritic cell function in chronic lymphocytic leukemia #MMPMID24721775
Saulep-Easton D; Vincent FB; Le Page M; Wei A; Ting SB; Croce CM; Tam C; Mackay F
Leukemia 2014[Oct]; 28 (10): 2005-15 PMID24721775show ga
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by the accumulation of CD5+CD19+ B cells in the peripheral blood, and in primary and secondary lymphoid organs. A major complication associated with CLL is severe recurrent infections, which are often fatal. Vulnerability to infection is due to a wide variety of immunological defects, yet the initiating events of immunodeficiency in CLL are unclear. Using CLL patient samples and a mouse model of CLL, we have discovered that plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which underpin the activity of effector immune cells critical for anti-viral immunity and anti-tumor responses, are reduced in number and functionally impaired in progressive CLL. As a result, the levels of interferon alpha (IFN?) production, a cytokine critical for immunity, are markedly reduced. Lower pDC numbers with impaired IFN? production was due to the decreased expression of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 receptor (Flt3) and Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), respectively. Reduced Flt3 expression was reversed using inhibitors of TGF-? and TNF, an effect correlating with a reduction in tumor load. Defects in pDC numbers and function offer a new insight into mechanisms underpinning the profound immunodeficiency affecting CLL patients and provide a potentially novel avenue for restoring immuno-competency in CLL.