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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Cell 2014 ; 157 (6): 1309-23 Nephropedia Template TP
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Cytotoxic cells kill intracellular bacteria through Granulysin-mediated delivery of Granzymes #MMPMID24906149
Cell 2014[Jun]; 157 (6): 1309-23 PMID24906149show ga
When killer lymphocytes recognize infected cells, perforin delivers cytotoxic proteases (granzymes) into the target cell to trigger apoptosis. What happens to intracellular bacteria during this process is unclear. Human, but not rodent, cytotoxic granules also contain granulysin, an antimicrobial peptide. Here we show that granulysin delivers granzymes into bacteria to kill diverse bacterial strains. In E. coli, granzymes cleave electron transport chain complex I and oxidative stress defense proteins, generating ROS that rapidly kill bacteria. ROS scavengers and bacterial antioxidant protein overexpression inhibit bacterial death. Bacteria overexpressing a GzmB-uncleavable mutant of the complex I subunit nuoF or strains that lack complex I still die, but more slowly, suggesting that granzymes disrupt multiple vital bacterial pathways. Mice expressing transgenic granulysin are better able to clear L. monocytogenes. Thus killer cells play an unexpected role in bacterial defense.