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2004 ; 28
(4
): 667-75
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Comparisons of Korsakoff and non-Korsakoff alcoholics on neuropsychological tests
of prefrontal brain functioning
#MMPMID15100620
Oscar-Berman M
; Kirkley SM
; Gansler DA
; Couture A
Alcohol Clin Exp Res
2004[Apr]; 28
(4
): 667-75
PMID15100620
show ga
BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that alcoholics exhibit particular deficits in
brain systems involving the prefrontal cortex, but few studies have directly
compared patients with and without Korsakoff's syndrome on measures of prefrontal
integrity. METHODS: Neuropsychological tasks sensitive to dysfunction of frontal
brain systems were administered, along with standard tests of memory,
intelligence, and visuospatial abilities, to 50 healthy, abstinent, nonamnesic
alcoholics, 6 patients with alcohol-induced persisting amnestic disorder
(Korsakoff's syndrome), 6 brain-damaged controls with right hemisphere lesions,
and 82 healthy nonalcoholic controls. RESULTS: Korsakoff patients were impaired
on tests of memory, fluency, cognitive flexibility, and perseveration.
Non-Korsakoff alcoholics showed some frontal system deficits as well, but these
were mild. Cognitive deficits in non-Korsakoff alcoholics were related to age,
duration of abstinence (less than 5 years), duration of abuse (more than 20
years), and amount of alcohol intake. CONCLUSIONS: Abnormalities of frontal
system functioning are most apparent in alcoholics with Korsakoff's syndrome. In
non-Korsakoff alcoholics, factors contributing to cognitive performance are age,
duration of abstinence, duration of alcoholism, and amount of alcohol consumed.