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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 J+Adolesc+Health 2014 ; 55 (1): 114-21 Nephropedia Template TP
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Macro-level Age Norms for the Timing of Sexual Initiation and Adolescents? Early Sexual Initiation in 17 European Countries #MMPMID24508092
Madkour AS; de Looze M; Ma P; Halpern CT; Farhat T; ter Bogt TFM; Ehlinger V; Nic Gabhainn S; Currie C; Godeau E
J Adolesc Health 2014[Jul]; 55 (1): 114-21 PMID24508092show ga
Purpose: To examine the relationship between country-level age norms for sexual initiation timing and early sexual initiation (ESI) among adolescent boys and girls. Methods: Nationally-representative data from 17 countries that participated in the 2006/07 European Social Survey (ESS-3, n=33,092) and the 2005/06 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children Study (HBSC, n=27,702) were analyzed. Age norms were measured as the average country-level response to an item asking the age at which ESS respondents believed someone is too young to have sexual intercourse. HBSC respondents (aged 14-16) self-reported age at sexual initiation which we defined as early (<15 years) or not (?15 years or no initiation). Control variables included age, family affluence, perceived socioeconomic status, family living arrangement, substance use, school attachment, and country-level legal age of consent. Multivariable three-level logistic models with random intercepts were run separately by sex. Results: In multivariable analyses, higher overall age norms were associated with reduced likelihood of ESI among girls (AOR 0.60, 95% CI 0.45-0.79); associations with ESI were stronger for parent cohort (ages 31-65) norms (AOR 0.37, 95% CI 0.23-0.58) than for peer cohort (ages 15-20) norms (AOR 0.60, 95% CI 0.49-0.74). For boys, overall norms were also significantly negatively associated with ESI (AOR 0.68, 95% CI 0.46-0.99), as were parent cohort norms (AOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.45-0.96). Peer cohort norms were not significantly related to boys? ESI. Conclusion: Macro-level cultural norms may impact adolescents? sexual initiation timing. Research exploring the sexual health outcomes of early initiators in countries with contrasting age norms is warranted.