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2009 ; 112
(1
): 59-66
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Environmental conditions in water storage drums and influences on Aedes aegypti
in Trinidad, West Indies
#MMPMID19539592
Hemme RR
; Tank JL
; Chadee DD
; Severson DW
Acta Trop
2009[Oct]; 112
(1
): 59-66
PMID19539592
show ga
Water storage drums are often a primary breeding site for Aedes aegypti in
developing countries. Habitat characteristics can impact both adult and larval
fitness and survival, which may potentially influence arbovirus transmission. Our
objective was to compare fundamental environmental differences in water drums
based on the presence or absence of larvae in Trinidad. Drums were categorized
according to the larval status, and if the drum was constructed of steel or
plastic. Water samples were analyzed for ammonium, nitrate, and soluble reactive
phosphorus (SRP). Continuous surface water temperatures were also recorded.
Nutrient concentrations were considerably lower than those reported for other
container breeding mosquitoes. No nutrient measured differed in concentration
between drums positive compared to those that were negative for the presence of
A. aegypti larvae. Levels of SRP and ammonium in steel drums were significantly
lower than in plastic water drums. Both maximum and minimum surface temperatures
were significantly lower in drums positive for the presence of larvae than in
drums without larvae. Water temperatures in March and May were warmer than during
October sampling periods. Larval presence is likely dependent upon the
interaction among multiple biotic and abiotic factors. Despite appearance, not
all water storage drums are equally suitable for A. aegypti development. Exposing
water storage drums to direct sunlight or increased heat may be used in
conjunction with sealing containers to reduce production of A. aegypti when
draining and chemical treatment are impractical.