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2011 ; 360
(1
): 66-76
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gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Mutations in Traf3ip1 reveal defects in ciliogenesis, embryonic development, and
altered cell size regulation
#MMPMID21945076
Berbari NF
; Kin NW
; Sharma N
; Michaud EJ
; Kesterson RA
; Yoder BK
Dev Biol
2011[Dec]; 360
(1
): 66-76
PMID21945076
show ga
Tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor 3 interacting protein 1 (Traf3ip1), also
known as MIPT3, was initially characterized through its interactions with
tubulin, actin, TNFR-associated factor-3 (Traf3), IL-13R1, and DISC1. It
functions as an inhibitor of IL-13-mediated phosphorylation of Stat6 and in
sequestration of Traf3 and DISC1 to the cytoskeleton. Studies of the Traf3ip1
homologs in C. elegans (DYF-11), Zebrafish (elipsa), and Chlamydomonas (IFT54)
revealed that the protein localizes to the cilium and is required for
ciliogenesis. Similar localization data has now been reported for mammalian
Traf3ip1. This raises the possibility that Traf3ip1 has an evolutionarily
conserved role in mammalian ciliogenesis in addition to its previously indicated
functions. To evaluate this possibility, a Traf3ip1 mutant mouse line was
generated. Traf3ip1 mutant cells are unable to form cilia. Homozygous Traf3ip1
mutant mice are not viable and have both neural developmental defects and
polydactyly, phenotypes typical of mouse mutants with ciliary assembly defects.
Furthermore, in Traf3ip1 mutants the hedgehog pathway is disrupted, as evidenced
by abnormal dorsal-ventral neural tube patterning and diminished expression of a
hedgehog reporter. Analysis of the canonical Wnt pathway indicates that it was
largely unaffected; however, specific domains in the pharyngeal arches have
elevated levels of reporter activity. Interestingly, Traf3ip1 mutant embryos and
cells failed to show alterations in IL-13 signaling, one of the pathways
associated with its initial discovery. Novel phenotypes observed in Traf3ip1
mutant cells include elevated cytosolic levels of acetylated microtubules and a
marked increase in cell size in culture. The enlarged Traf3ip1 mutant cell size
was associated with elevated basal mTor pathway activity. Taken together, these
data demonstrate that Traf3ip1 function is highly conserved in ciliogenesis and
is important for proper regulation of a number of essential developmental and
cellular pathways. The Traf3ip1 mutant mouse and cell lines will provide valuable
resources to assess cilia function in mammalian development and also serve as a
tool to explore the potential connections between cilia and cytoskeletal
dynamics, mTor regulation, and cell volume control.
|*Cell Size
[MESH]
|*Mutation
[MESH]
|Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/*genetics/*physiology
[MESH]